Ethanol 95% 2.5L Denatured
Ethanol 95% 2.5L Denatured
CAS Number: 64-17-5
Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic chemical compound. It is a simple alcohol with the chemical formula C2H6O. Its formula can be also written as CH3−CH2−OH or C2H5OH (an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group), and is often abbreviated as EtOH. Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a slight characteristic odor. It is a psychoactive substance, recreational drug, and the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks.
Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical processes such as ethylene hydration. It has medical applications as an antiseptic and disinfectant. It is used as a chemical solvent and in the synthesis of organic compounds. Ethanol is an alternative fuel source.
Chemical Properties
Properties | |
---|---|
C2H6O | |
Molar mass | 46.069 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Colourless liquid |
Odor | Methanol-like[2] |
Density | 0.78945 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)[3] |
Melting point | −114.14 ± 0.03[3] °C (−173.45 ± 0.05 °F; 159.01 ± 0.03 K) |
Boiling point | 78.23 ± 0.09[3] °C (172.81 ± 0.16 °F; 351.38 ± 0.09 K) |
Miscible | |
log P | −0.18 |
Vapor pressure | 5.95 kPa (at 20 °C) |
Acidity (pKa) | 15.9 (H2O), 29.8 (DMSO)[4][5] |
−33.60·10−6 cm3/mol |
Chemical Structure Ethanol 95% 2.5L Denatured
Safety
Flammable
Keep it in cool and dry place at r.t.
Description
Uses Ethanol 95% 2.5L Denatured
Antiseptic
Ethanol is used in medical wipes and most commonly in antibacterial hand sanitizer gels as an antiseptic for its bactericidal and anti-fungal effects.[16] Ethanol kills microorganisms by dissolving their membrane lipid bilayer and denaturing their proteins, and is effective against most bacteria and fungi and viruses. However, it is ineffective against bacterial spores, but that can be alleviated by using hydrogen peroxide.[17] A solution of 70% ethanol is more effective than pure ethanol because ethanol relies on water molecules for optimal antimicrobial activity. Absolute ethanol may inactivate microbes without destroying them because the alcohol is unable to fully permeate the microbe’s membrane.[18][19] Ethanol can also be used as a disinfectant and antiseptic because it causes cell dehydration by disrupting the osmotic balance across cell membrane, so water leaves the cell leading to cell death.[20]
Antidote
Ethanol may be administered as an antidote to ethylene glycol poisoning[21] and methanol poisoning.[22]
Medicinal solvent
Ethanol, often in high concentrations, is used to dissolve many water-insoluble medications and related compounds. Liquid preparations of pain medications, cough and cold medicines, and mouth washes, for example, may contain up to 25% ethanol[23] and may need to be avoided in individuals with adverse reactions to ethanol such as alcohol-induced respiratory reactions.[24] Ethanol is present mainly as an antimicrobial preservative in over 700 liquid preparations of medicine including acetaminophen, iron supplements, ranitidine, furosemide, mannitol, phenobarbital, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and over-the-counter cough medicine.[25]
Pharmacology Ethanol 95% 2.5L Denatured
If ingested orally, ethanol is extensively metabolized by the liver, particularly via the enzyme CYP450.[26] Ethyl alcohol increases the secretion of acids in the stomach.[26] The metabolite acetaldehyde is responsible for much of the short term, and long term effects of ethyl alcohol toxicity.[27]
Recreational
As a central nervous system depressant, ethanol is one of the most commonly consumed psychoactive drugs.[28]
Despite alcohol having psychoactive properties, it is readily available and legal for sale in most countries. However, there are laws regulating the sale, exportation/importation, taxation, manufacturing, consumption, and possession of alcoholic beverages. The most common regulation is prohibition for minors.